Poetry Revisions Strategies
(advice from Donald Graves and Georgia Heard)
Meaning
· Highlight the one line that says most what you want the poem to be about
· add/delete/ revise lines in support of the “main line”
Word Choice
· underline verbs – are there ones you could substitute that are more active and precise?
· search for more exact words, especially names and other specific nouns rather than general ones (Wheaties versus cereal)
Design and Layout
· examine ends of lines - use strong nouns and verbs there (not prepositions, conjunctions, adjectives or adverbs) usually – there are always exceptions, but do it for effect
· read the poem aloud several times; rearrange line and stanza breaks based on rhythm and emphasis
Final Draft Refinements
- ask someone to read it to you – listen to how they are reading/interpreting it; as you listen and confer, ask yourself
- Are there awkward words or phrases or clichés? How can I make them strong, poetic, memorable words or phrases?
- What feeling does the reader get? Does the poem have “emotional truth”? Do I need different words or images to move the reader?
- Are parts confusing? How can I clarify? Are ambiguous or abstract places a strength or weakness?
- Do I have clear, powerful, vivid images? Where do I need stronger images?
- Did I show rather than explain?
- Does the poem lose energy? What can I delete or revise?
- What surprises – ahhhhhh!
- Present the work in progress
- ask for the kind of help you want - "address xyz"
- appoint a moderator/facilitator to help guide the discussion summarize key points
- listen only as others discuss the word regarding the aspects authoring team has asked you to address
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